www.thinkgpa.com
GPA and its business units are in a unique situation where we have independent corporate
entities both within the EU and outside, but all are bound together for global opportunities by an
EU based entity in GPA B.V.
From a legal standpoint, where a Controller is EU based and a Processor is outside the EU, the
primary legal responsibility must sit with the controller to impose GDPR contractual mechanisms
and restrictions on the Processor given the processor is not within EU jurisdiction. Similarly for a
non EU Controller being serviced by an EU based Processor, the Processor has a primary legal
obligation to abide by the GDPR guidelines for data processing even if the Controller’s
organization is external to the EU. That primary legal responsibility and jurisdictional presence
doesn’t mean however that the EU may not try to take action against one or both parties if the
GDPR rules are being broken. Typically if activities by the non EU entity are occasional then they
will face little consequence, but if the EU considers the entity is consistently doing business
relative to the EU jurisdiction that will take action in whatever way they can. When GPA is added
in the middle of this equation as an EU entity, in theory GPA could face a liability as a sub-
processor for any data privacy breach independent of the scenario, hence the importance of
adherence to GPA privacy policy whenever data associated with EU related individuals is
processed irrelevant of where a RBU is based. So, for simplicity’s sake assume that any
opportunity related to an inter-RBU opportunity where any individual within the customer’s
organization may be based within the EU, that compliance to the GDPR is required
The GDPR guidelines indicate that any processing of personal data governed by the GDPR
outside the EU, more specifically outside the European Economic Area (EEA), is only allowed if
there are adequate safeguards. Article 26(2) of Directive 95/46/EC does provide minimum terms
for these contractual safeguards, however for the purposes of simplicity, the GPA Standard Data
Processor Agreement is preferred to ensure full alignment of GPA workflows and structures. But
beware: your customers can request that data simply does not leave the EU at all. If such a
request is ever made, notify GPA Management (privacy@thinkgpa.com), as it will limit the
capacity to enter that data within any GPA platform given none of these platforms have user
access limited geographically.
Data Protection Officer (DPO)
It might be required for your company to appoint a DPO. A DPO is an independent person within
the organization who advises and reports on compliance with the GDPR.
Appointing a DPO is mandatory if you process sensitive personal data such as health data on a
large scale, or if you observe people on a structural basis (physically or digitally). A DPO can be
someone who is appointed internally, but may also be someone who is appointed externally, such
as a (virtual) privacy officer.
Generally, due to the nature of the activities, a GPA RBU is not obliged to appoint a DPO.
Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
A DPIA is a comprehensive investigation to map out privacy risks and to remove them as much as
possible. A DPIA is required if the planned processing entails high risks for the privacy of data
subjects. By doing a DPIA the risks of this planned processing are being assessed and can be
qualified. After this, it can be determined what risks are acceptable and what risks are not. This
provides you with argumentation to decide about whether to start the planned processing or not
based on the risks involved. As with appointment of a DPO, due to the nature of GPA activities a
DPIA is not typically required unless there is concern atypical and highly sensitive data might be
processed.
Awareness & internal policies
To fulfil the requirements of the GDPR, all RBU staff member involved in GPA inter-RBU business
activities, whether within an EU based RBU or otherwise, must be made aware of the GDPR and
GPA’s related policies given the likelihood of handling personal data protected under the GDPR.